Scraper



E. T. GOVE Nov. 19, 1940.

SGRAPER Original Filed July 3", 1954 2 SheeS-Shaot l E. T. GOVE Nov. 19, 1940.

SCRAPER Original Filed July 50, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Ressued Nov. 19, 1940 UNITED STATES 'PATENT OFFICE original No. 2,060,369, dated November `10, *1936,

serial No. 737,745,.Ju1y 3o, 1934. Application for reissue February 8, 1938, Serial No. 189,375

This invention relates to scrapers and has for its principal object the provision of a scraper construction for moving earth .wherein the. .relative positions of a scraper bowl and its sup- 5 porting carriage may be Varied in a novel manner.

A- further object of the invention is to provide a scraper bowl having a supporting carriage connected with a draft frame adapted to be drawn by a tractor, the tractor providing power to vary relative positions of the carriage and bowl when in digging and carrying positions.

Another object is to provide a scraper bowl having a dump bottom, which bottomis operal5 tively connected with the mechanismA adapted to vary the position of the bowl and carriage.

Another object is to provide a scraper bowl having a dump bottom adapted to dumpa load in forward and rearward directions.

Another object is to provide a scraper having a spring carried dump bottom. r

Other objects will become apparent as .my invention is more fully herein disclosed.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 151s a plan view of my scraper attached to a tractor.. y

Fig.. 2 is a side view of my scraper in digging position. l

Fig.,3 is a side view of `my scraper in carrying position. g

Fig. 4 is a side view of my scraper in dumping position. v

Fig. 5 is a detail of the spring tension on the scraper .bottom along the lines 5-5 of Fig. 2.

3.3 Fig. 6 is a detail along lines 6-6 of Fig. 2. 1

Fig. 7 is a view along lines 1-1 of Fig. 6. l

Fig. 8 is a view along lines 8-8 of Fig. 6 showf ing alternative positions of the mechanism therein disclosed. v

In earth scraping mechanism of large capacity, it is desirable to move the same by tractor power to the end that large loads may be quickly-gathered, uniformity of cut made and eflicient dumping be provided. 1

- In consequence,- a tractor I Il is connected to a scraper II by means of a drawbar kI2 which is aiiixed to the front and of a draft frame I3. The draft frame I3 is of U-shape having legs I4 adapted to hold a scraper bowl I5, carriages I6 for raising `and lowering the bowl, together with other suitable operating mechanisms.

Referring more particularly to the construcf tion of the bowl I5, the same is made of box-v like form having side walls l1, an end lwall I8,

and a dumpbottom I3. vDump-,bottom I9 is constructedof a front section 2 0, and a rear section 2|, section 2I-being of larger area than section 20, said sections being pivoted together by a rod 22 and pivotally connected with the side walls I1 by a rod 23 passing therethrough. 5 Normally, when -bottorn I9 is closed, sections 20 and `2I are adapted to meet at a slight angle .on rod 22 when bowl I5 is empty. Frame I3 is connected with bowl I5 and carriages I6 by mechanism adapted to vary the relative posi. 10 .tions .of the carriages with respect to the bowl whereby desired `positions are obtained for the bowl.

Section 2| is normally 4about twice the area oisection 20, as illustrated, which has a de- 15 cided effectin dumping load because the major portion of the load being in section 2|, the power required to lift the bottom is minimized.

As illustrated, carriages I6 are alike and comprise a. pair of wheels 24, journalled at 25 on a 20 support 26 and carrying an endless belt or caterpillar tread 21. A stub shaft 28 is centrally affixed to :support 26 and extends on both sides of tread 21 to pivotally carry the ends of a forward yoke 29 and arear yoke 30 and inasmuch 25 yas both sides of thescraper are constructed alike, a single description of like parts will sufceto disclose my invention.

The -forward yoke 29 is pivotally connected to a crossbar 3| held on frame I3, said yoke be- 30 ing adjustable as to length by changing the positions of bolts 32, and on one side of yoke 23 is connected a cam-shape lever 31 forming part of the means whereby carriages I6 are elevated or depressed. A telescopic lever 33 is journalled on each end of a cross shaft ,34 fastened in the side walls I1 of bowl I5 and lever 33 has one end pivotally fastened to shaft 28, the other end being pivotally connected to a thrust bar 35 to the end that 40 force exerted through bar 35 to lever 33 will .be lexerted on shaft 28 to effect relative movement of carriage I6 with respect to bowl I5, such movement resulting around lever 31 which contacts with a roller 36 mounted on the end of 45 shaft 34.

The end of bar 35 is pivotally connected with ya bell crank 38 journalled on a stub shaft 39 fastened to leg I4, said bell crank having a camshaped face 40 and being pivotally held by a 50 .strap 4I to the side wall I1, the pivotal connection to bell-crank 38 including a stub shaft 4Ia adapted. to rest in extreme forward position in a groove .4Ib inleg I4 to give proper support.

Rear yoke 30- is pivotally fastened to a trans- .5r

verse shaft 42 movable in a slot 43 in bell crank 38 and the movement of yoke 38 is limited by the same being pivotally fastened to a second transverse shaft 44 held in a slot 45 on the rear end of leg I4.

A hydraulic cylinder 46 containing the usual valves and piston, is mounted on a plate 41 supported between legs I4 to be supplied with power from tractor I0 through the pipes 48 whereby motion in both directions will be imparted to connecting rod 49.

Rod 49 is pivotally connected to a thrust shaft" 50, slidably held near each end by a roller held between one of the guide bars 5I and a leg I4, and having on each end an outboard roller 52 adapted to contact with the cam face 48.

Shaft 50 is connected by a pull bar 53 to a rod 54 connecting both bell cranks 3l which rod works in a slot 55 whereby the bell cranks may be moved in a forward direction.

Bottom I9 is supported in the rear by a bar 56 held on a pivot 51 to the portion 2I at the lower end, the upper end being bent out to secure a spring 58 held between the bent out portion and a sliding plate 59 by a bolt 68 to the end that the opening of bottom I9 to dump will cause spring 58 to be compressed by the pressure of plate 59 against an abutment 6I fastened on side wall I1.

Relative movement of bar 56 is permitted by the provision of a slot 62 therein in which is guided a pin 63 fastened to side wall I1. The dumping of bottom I9 is eiected through the medium of a lever 64 fastened to portion 2|), which lever is connected by a cable 65 passing round a pulley 66 and tied to the forward end of bell crank 38 whereby power applied through cylinder 46 will cause the load to be dumped. Additional dumping mechanism is provided by making the end I8 with a liftable section`61 hinged thereto, the same being held closed by a latch 68 pivotally held on side wall I1 and connected through a spring 69 with one arm of a Y bell crank 10, the other arm being connected to the drivers seat of tractor I9 by a rope 1I. Bell crank 10 is held to section 61 by a pin 12 thereon held in a slot 13 and the rearward end of portion 2I is adapted to slidably come within the edge of section' 61 when closed to rest against a wedge-shaped transverse brace 13a having a lforward cutting edge. A cutting edge 14 is secured to rod 23 within the walls I1 and adjustment is provided therefor by means of a lever 15 fastened to rod 23, which lever may be set in any one of a plurality of holes 16.

The lever 15 is formed with an opening adapted to register with the holes 16 upon swinging the lever about the axis of rod 23 to pivot the cutting edge about said axis, and a conventional bolt, as best indicated in Fig. 8, is adapted to pass through the hole in the lever and one of the holes 16 in register therewith, thus rigidly locking the lever and cutting edge against movement 'at any position of adjustment of the lever relative to the portion 28 of the bottom.

A front closure is provided for the bowl I5 by a gate comprising a sheet of metal mounted on rods 11, the ends of which slide in guides 18, the gate being raised or lowered by a rope 19 connected centrally of the gate to the tractor. A transverse brace rod is connected to the side walls I1 and a vertical brace rod 8| is fastened thereto and to the rod 23. A brace 82 is Welded to brace 8I and fastened to shaft 34.

' Guides 83 serve to direct earth into bowl I5 outside of the line of progression of treads 21 to the end that tread 21 will always have comparatively level ground to run on when loading. A frame 84 is pivotally fastened to the draft frame I3 and supports a plurality of rooters 85 for the breaking of the earth for removal by bowl I5, and the cut of the rooters 85 is adjusted by a wheel 86 operating through a gear and lever 81 and a link 88.

In operation, in the loading position shown in Fig. 2, rod 49 extending from the cylinder 46 will be in such position that the bell cranks 38 will be in their extreme forward position whereby the thrust on levers 35 and pull on rear yokes 30 will have raised carriages I6 relative to the bowl I6 and the surface of the ground. Section 61 will ybe closed, bottom I9 willbe closed and the front gate will be open.

On the forward progression of the tractor, the ground is broken by rooters 85 and the loose earth is guided by the parts 83 exteriorly of bowl I5, while the set or angle on edge 14 gives a desired bottom cut. Cable 65 is slack a predetermined amount and the bottom I9, as a whole, has a slight forward pitch relative to the line of progression of the scraper.

When a sufficient load has accumulated in bowl I5, cable 19 is released to close the front end of the bowl and power is applied to cylinder 46 whereby the thrust through rod 49 and shaft 50 causes rollers 52 to act on the cam faces 40 and elevate the front ends of bell cranks 38 and depresses the rear end thereof, all as illustrated in Fig. 3.

The movement of rod 49 is predetermined to the ends that the pull of levers 35` on levers 33 will betransmitted to shafts 28 to depress the same around cam levers 31, whereby carriages I6 will come in contact with the earth while bowl I5 will be elevated by relative change in position of shaft 34 with respect to shafts 28 and by pull of straps 4I, the maximum velevation being governed by the length of slots 45.

Such elevation brings the bowl I5 into carrying position and the slack in cable 65 is taken up by the predetermined movement of bell crank 38, the position of bottom I9 with respect to the surface of the ground being sufficient for the loaded scraper to be transported to a place of dumping without engagement of the rooters'85, or edge 15, with the ground.

When the dumping place has been reached, a further movement of rod 49 causes a further elevation of the front end of bell cranks 38 which in turn causes a further elevation of the bowl I5 by the mechanism described. t At the same time the cable 19 has been pulled to open the front gate While power pull on cable 65 acts on lever 64 to pull bottom I9 into position illustrated in Fig. 4. Such position permits the major portion of the earth in bowl I5 to be dumped rearwardly of the scraper inasmuch as section 61 will have been opened, while a minor portion will be dumped forwardly. Continuedv forward motion of the scraper will spread the dirt while springs 68 will be placed under tension by the pull of cable 66.

Itis obvious, of course, that the relative proportions of bottom sections 28, 2| may be varied, as desired for the particular job being done, since section 28 may carry the major portion of the dirt to dump the said major portion forwardly over the rigidly secured cutting edge 14. The adjustability of said cutting edge and the mounting movablether'ewithabout the axis -oi rod 28 enables the blade having said cuttingedge 'to be disposed in a generally vertically extending'position to scrape over the dirt dumped forwardly over said cutting edge for levelingoif said dirt.

The maximum elevation of vbowl I and the maximum opening of bottom I9 are regulated by the slots 43, which positions are coincident' with lever 33 in a vertical position. Upondischarge of bowl I5, a reversal or release of the pressure in cylinder 46 permits rod 49 to pull on lever 53 and release the pull on cable 65, whereupon bowl' I5 may be brought back to carrying' position as shown in Fig. 3 to be taken for further loading.

It will be noted that bottom I9 and edge`14 are demountable so that the machine may be used as a drag scraper. In this event the cutting edge is provided by the transverse brace 13a and section 61 is held closed to support the dragged load.

In setting the sections and 2| at a slight anglev to each other to form acute angles with the horizontal at the forward end of section 20 and the rear end of section 2|, such positions insure that when some load has been accumulated in bowl I5, the rear end of section 2l will be pressed into place on transverse bar 13a to the end that no earth will be spilled, the tension of springs 58 being suilicient to return bottom I9 to the before-mentioned slightly angled position for loading.

It is, of course, obvious that treads 21 may be dispensed with and scraper bowl I5 be supported on wheels, but all such modifications come within the scope of the appended claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages for the frame, a bowl mounted on the carriages, a sectional bottom in the bowl, means pivotally supporting the carriages on the frame, and actuating means pivotally connecting the frame, bowl and carriages arranged and adapted to first lower the carriages and raise the bowl upon partial actuation thereof and means connected to said sectional bottom and to said actuating means to open said bottom upon further actuation of said actuating means.

2. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, a bowl, carriages attached to the bowl, levers pivotally connecting the carriages with the bowl, members connecting the carriages to the forward part of the frame, members connecting the carriages with the rearward part of the frame, bell cranks on the frame connected with said levers and said rearward members, means to move the bell cranks in two directions, and means on the forward .members and means associated with said levers arranged and adapted to coact with the means on the forward members to vary the relative positions of the carriages and bowl upon movement of said bell cranks.

3. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, a bowl, carriages on eachside of the bowl, levers pivotally connecting the carriages with each side of the bowl, members connecting the carriages to the forward part of the frame, members connecting the carriages with the rearward part of the frame, bell cranks on the frame con nected with the said levers and said rearward members, means connecting the rearward part of the bowl and said bell cranks', means to move the bell cranks in two directions, and means on the forwardmembers and means associated with said levers arranged and adapted to coact with the means on the forward members to vary the relative positions of the carriages and bowls upon movement of said bell cranks. I

f 4. Ina scraper, the combination of a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to each side of the frame,'bel1 cranks pivoted on the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to the bell cranks, and carriages: said bowl having a sectional bottom pivotally fastened to the front end of the bowl and means connecting a section to the bell cranks.

5. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means tonoperate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to bell cranksl and carriages having a sectional bottom comprising several sections pivotally connected together; a spring supporting one of said sections and the section adjacent thereto being pivotally connected to the bowl, andmeanswconnecting the last mentioned section to the bell cranks.

6. In a scraper, the combination of a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl connected to the bell cranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the lside walls at the front end, a transverse member connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive' the rear section of said bottom, a liftable rear end section, and means connecting'the front section of the bottom to the bell cranks.

7. In ascraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to the bell cranks, and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transverse member connecting the side walls at the rear and adapted to receive the rear section of the said bottom, a liftable rear end section, a liftable front end section, and means `connecting the front section of the bottom to the bell cranks.

8. In a scraper,` the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to the frame, bell cranks pivoted on each side of the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a. bowl pivotally connected to the bell cranks and carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the side wallsy at the front end, a transverse member connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive the rear section of said bottom, a liftable rear end section, earth guides fastened to the front of the bowl, and means connecting a section of the bottom to the bell cranks.

9. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to each side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl pivotally connected to the bell cranks and the carriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transverse member connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receive the rear section of said bottom, means to hold said rear section on said member when loading said bowl, a liftable rear end section, and means connectlng the front section of the bottom` to the bell cranks.

10. In a scraper, the combination of: a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected to each side ofthe frame, bell cranks pivoted on eachside of the frame, means to operate the bell'cranks,

and a bowl pivotally connected rte the bell cranks and carriages; said bowl having sidewalls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the side walls at the front end, a transverse member connecting the side walls at the rear end adaptedto receive the rear section of said bottom, Va transverse cutting edge forward of the front section,v of the bottom, a liftable rear end section, Vand means connecting the bottom to the bell cranks. Y

11. In a scraper, the combination` of; a draft frame, carriages pivotally connected'to each-side of the frame, belll cranks pivoted on the frame', means to operate the bell cranks, and` a bowl pivotally connected to the bell cranks and vcarriages; said bowl having side walls, a bottom in sections and pivoted to the'side walls at the front end, a transverse means connecting the side walls at the rear end adapted to receivethe rear section of said bottom, an adjustabde transverse cutting edge forward of the front section of the bottom, a liftable rear end section, and means connecting the bottom to the bell cranks.

12. In a scraper, the combination of: adraft frame, carriages pivotally connected to each `side of the frame, bell cranks pivoted on the frame, means to operate the bell cranks, and a bowl connected to the bell cranks and carriages; vsaid bowl having side walls, a bottom formed of two pivoted sections and having the front section pivotally connected to the front end ofythe side walls; a transverse means connecting the rear end of the side walls and adapted to receive the rear end of the rear section, spring carried devices adapted to hold said bottom closed, a-liftable rear end section, a liftable front end section, earth guides fastened to the front of the bowl, and means connecting the bottom tosaidabell cranks. i.

13. In a scraper, the combination'ofa draft frame, carriage adapted to support the frame yon the ground, a -bowl mounted on the carriage, means connecting the carriage with the frame, and means including a cranky lever forming a connection between the frame, bowl and carriage for varying their relative positions with respect to the ground.

14. In a scraper, vthe combination of:` a draft frame, a carriage lpivotally connected tothe frame, a crank device pivoted .on the frame, means to operate said crank device, and abowl pivotally connected to the crank device and carriage; said bowl having a sectional bottom pivotally fastened to the bowl and means connecting a section thereof to the crank device.

15.In a scraper, a. bowl having -side ywalls, means supporting said bowl for movement in one direction over the ground, a bottom including a generally horizontal cutting blade extending between the side walls adjacent the forward edges of the latter relative to said direction of movement of the bowl and a substantially horizontal plate extending from said bladerearwardly thereof, pivot means supporting said plate from the side walls for vertically swinging of the plate independently of said blade about a horizontal axis substantially parallel with and adjacent said blade, means for so swinging said plate whereby material supported thereon will be caused to move over said blade in the direction of movementof the bowl, and means connected with saidblade arranged and adapted for moving said blade'to a. pluralityof positions relative to horizontal independently of movement of said plate.

16. In a scraper having lateral side walls, a generally vertically disposed rear end wall, and

pairof earthguides projecting forwardly and opl positely voutwardly of the forward edges of said side walls'and of fthe forward edge of said bottom portion, means positioned rearwardly of said earth guides and adjacent the forward edge of said bottom portion pivotally supporting said bottom-portion from said side walls and free from said rear wall for swinging said bottom portion vertically to various positions relative to said rear wall `and sidewalls for unloading the dirt supported thereon to between said earth guides and over-the forward edge of said bottom portion.

17. In a scraper, a bowl having ya generally horizontally extending bottom, opposed lateral side walls, and an end wall, and .the end of the bowl opposite saidV end wall being open, means for moving the scraper over the ground with the open end foremost, said end wall extending generally upwardly from the horizontally extending bottom and closing the rear end of the bowl, a cutting bladeextending between the sides of .the bowl and along the forward edge of said bottom, pivot meanson the bowl pivotally mounting thev forward end of said bottom for swingingthe portion of the bottom adjacent and extending rearwardly of said forward end from a substantially horizontally extending posi-tion to a substantially vertically extending position for dumping earth adapted to be carried within the bowl and on said portion, means for so swing-` ing smd bottom, said pivot means being directly supported from said lateral side walls, and said cutting blade being carried on said pivot means.

1 8. In. a scraper, a bowl having a. generally horizontally vextending bottom, opposed lateral side walls, and an end wall, and the end of the bowl opposite said end wall being open, means formoving the scraper over the ground with the open end foremost,` said end wall extending generally upwardly from the horizontally extending bottom and closing the rear end of the bowl, a cutting `blade extending between the sides of the bowl Iand along the forward edge of said bottom, pivot means on the bowl pivotally mounting lthe forward end of said bottom for swinging the portion of the bottom adjacent and extending rearwardly of said forward end from a substantiallyhorizontally extending position to a substantially vertically extending position for dumpingearth adapted -to be carried Within the bowl and on said portion, means for so swinging said bottom, said pivot means including a horizontally disposed shaft extending. perpendicularly from each lateral side of the bowl, and said cutting blade being supported' on said shaft for pivotalV movement thereon.

19. In a scraper, abowl having side walls, a generallyvertically extending rear wall and a bottom; meanssupporting said bowl for movement over the ground with the end thereof opposite the rear wall foremost, means supporting said bottom substantially horizontal and extending between the side walls adjacent their lower edges for pivotal movement vertically within the bowl for'dumping earth adapted to be supported thereon, said means including pivot means posi-r tioned adjacent the forward edges of the side walls arranged and adapted to support the forward end of .the bottom from said side walls for swinging the portion of the bottom adjacent the forward edge of said portion and extending rearwardly toward the `rear end of the. bowl vertically between said side Walls about a horizontal axis extending through said pivot means, power means connected with said portion operative for `swinging said portion about said axis, whereby, upon aetuation of said power means the said earth adapted to be supported on said portion will be dumped over the forward edge of said portion ahead of the bowl, said portion being movable for swinging about said axis independently of said rear Wall.

EMERY T. GOVE'. 

